Knowing what to say about an unseen poem is only half the job. The other half is arranging it so an examiner can see your argument clearly. A strong structure stops you from drifting into a list of techniques and keeps every paragraph pushing one clear reading of the poem. Here is how to shape both answers.
Structuring the single-poem answer (24 marks)
Open with a short thesis, a single sentence stating what the poet feels about the subject and, broadly, how they show it. Then write three or four body paragraphs. Each paragraph should lead with an idea about the poet's attitude, not a technique, then support it with a short quotation and close analysis of the method behind it. Aim to cover language, form and structure across the answer rather than only picking out images. If the poem has a shift, give it a paragraph of its own. A brief closing sentence returning to the poet's overall message rounds it off.
The paragraph shape that works
Inside each paragraph, move from idea to evidence to analysis to effect. Start with the point about the poet's feeling, quote briefly, name and analyse the method, then explain the effect on the reader and why the poet wanted it. This 'idea, quote, method, effect' shape keeps you analysing rather than describing, and it naturally hits both AO1 and AO2. Never open a paragraph with 'The poet uses a simile', because that puts the technique before the meaning.
Structuring the comparison (8 marks)
The comparison question is shorter and only wants you to compare methods, so do not repeat a full analysis of the first poem. Lead each paragraph with a shared idea, for example 'both poets present nature as powerful', then bring in both poems, showing how each one creates that idea differently. Use comparative words, similarly, whereas, in contrast, to keep both poems in view. Two or three tightly comparative paragraphs are plenty. Because it is worth only 8 marks, keep it brief and focused.
Put this structure into practice with the practice questions, see a full worked answer on the model answers page, and revisit the reading method on the how to answer page.